The pancreas is a vital organ located behind the stomach, playing key roles in both digestion and regulation of blood sugar. It has two main functions: exocrine and endocrine. The exocrine function involves producing digestive enzymes (such as amylase, lipase, and proteases) that are released into the small intestine to help break down food. The endocrine function involves producing hormones, including insulin and glucagon, which help regulate blood sugar levels. Insulin lowers blood sugar, while glucagon raises it, maintaining a balance that is crucial for energy regulation in the body.