The Raspberry Pi is a small, affordable, single-board computer designed for educational purposes, DIY projects, and prototyping. It features a CPU, RAM, USB ports, HDMI output, and GPIO pins for interfacing with electronic components. Originally created to teach coding and computer science, the Raspberry Pi has become popular for a wide range of applications, including robotics, home automation, media centers, and IoT projects. With various models offering different performance levels, it is known for its versatility, low cost, and strong community support.